Clinical features, diagnosis, and types of optic neuritis

Authors

  • Hany Abdelmoneim Hanafi Department of Ophthalmology, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Hanin Abdullah Alghamdi College of Medicine, Baha University, Baha, Saudi Arabia
  • Samir Sulaiman Bassir Department of Ophthalmology, Al Noor Specialist Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
  • Salman Mubarak Almutairi College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  • Athari Za’al Albalawi Department of Ophthalmology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
  • Sara Adnan Aljaber College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  • Abrar Abdullah Alyousif College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  • Khaled Mohammed Almuraydhi Department of Emergency Medicine, King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
  • Jumana Hamid Alsamadani College of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Razan Ahmed Aljadrawi Department of Emergency Medicine, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Fatemah Khawyter Matuk Department of Emergency Medicine, King Salman Medical City, Medina, Saudi Arabia
  • Maha Fawaz Alsubaie College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
  • Yousef Saleh Alghamdi Department of Ophthalmology, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214833

Keywords:

Optic neuritis, Systemic diseases, Diagnosis, Clinical presentation, Optic nerve disease

Abstract

Establishing a proper diagnosis and identifying the underlying etiology of optic neuritis can be challenging in clinical settings. This is due to the various subtypes and etiologies that were reported for the condition. However, conducting a thorough examination and the laboratory and imaging modalities can significantly enhance the diagnosis. Therefore, it is essential to be adequately aware of the different subtypes of optic neuritis and distinguish between the different clinical features and diagnostic findings of each subtype to conduct a proper diagnosis and enhance management of the affected cases. Optic neuritis is a severe condition that can lead to permanent vision loss. In the present literature review, we have discussed the potential clinical features and diagnostic findings of the different types of optic neuritis. More severe cases of optic neuritis are usually associated with NMOSD and IgG-MOG cases with a worsened prognosis. Painless and chronic vision loss might occur secondary to infections and granulomatous diseases. On the other hand, optic neuritis secondary to multiple sclerosis is usually self-limited. Many of the cases of optic neuritis are characterized by being responsive to steroid therapy. However, acute vision loss was also reported in some cases. Therefore, clinicians must be knowledgeable enough to conduct the most appropriate diagnostic and management modalities to enhance the prognosis of the affected patients. Further research is needed for optimizing the treatment plan and drawing better interventions.

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Published

2021-12-27

How to Cite

Hanafi, H. A., Alghamdi, H. A., Bassir, S. S., Almutairi, S. M., Albalawi, A. Z., Aljaber, S. A., Alyousif, A. A., Almuraydhi, K. M., Alsamadani, J. H., Aljadrawi, R. A., Matuk, F. K., Alsubaie, M. F., & Alghamdi, Y. S. (2021). Clinical features, diagnosis, and types of optic neuritis. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 9(1), 460–465. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214833

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Review Articles