Determinants of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chhattisgarh, India

Authors

  • Mayank Kumar Khede CST Division, Chhattisgarh State AIDS Control Society, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
  • Pragyan Paramita Parija Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
  • Manisha Ruikar Madhukar Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
  • Shiv Kumar Bhinjwar CST Division, Chhattisgarh State AIDS Control Society, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20215011

Keywords:

Adherence, HIV, AIDS, Compliance, Antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

Background: Achieving the WHO 2020 treatment goals will not only depend on access to HIV treatment, but also on good adherence. Chhattisgarh SACS under guidance of CST division NACO and community and family medicine department AIIMS, Raipur undertook this study to investigate the major factors that influence the adherence of PLHIV visiting ART centres of Chhattisgarh.

Methods: From five ART centres, 415 participants were interviewed through simple random sampling method through a semi structured interview schedule. 

Results: We found that 346 of the 415 (83.3%) patients had ≤95% adherence to ART on the basis of pill count method. Major proportion (90.0%) of patients were on TLE regimen, among them (74.4%) were non-adherent. An association was found between health condition of patient, poor life style and adherence rate. Three-month drug dispensation was recommended by most of the participants to improve adherence.

Conclusions: Multiple months drug dispension along with other innovative approaches should be tailored made to improve the adherence and compliance among PLHIV individuals.

References

Palella FJ, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, Loveless MO, Fuhrer J, Satten GA, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(13):853-60.

Leisegang R, Cleary S, Hislop M, Davidse A, Regensberg L, Little F, et al. Early and late direct costs in a Southern African antiretroviral treatment programme: a retrospective cohort analysis. PLoS Med. 2009;6(12):1000189.

NACO. India HIV estimations 2017-Technical report, 2017. Available at: http://naco.gov.in/sites/ default/files/HIV%20Estimations%202017%20Report_1.pdf. Accessed on 21 October 2021.

Powderly WG, Mayer KH. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revised guidelines for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling, testing, and referral: targeting HIV specialists. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37(6):813-9.

WHO. Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and HIV infection. Recommendations for a public health approach, 2015 Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream /10665/85321/1/9789241505727_eng.pdf. Accessed on 21 October 2021.

Rai S, Mahapatra B, Sircar S, Raj PY, Venkatesh S, Shaukat M, et al. Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Effect on Survival of HIV-Infected Individuals in Jharkhand, India. PLoS One. 2013;8(6):66860.

Achappa B, Madi D, Bhaskaran U, Ramapuram JT, Rao S, Mahalingam S. Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among People Living with HIV. N Am J Med Sci. 2013;5(3):220-3.

Mhaskar R, Alandikar V, Emmanuel P, Djulbegovic B, Patel S, Patel A, et al. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Community Med. 2013;38(2):74-82.

Nachega JB, Hislop M, Dowdy DW, Lo M, Omer SB, Regensberg L, Chaisson RE, Maartens G. Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy assessed by pharmacy claims predicts survival in HIV-infected South African adults. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(1):78-84.

Mills EJ, Nachega JB, Buchan I, Orbinski J, Attaran A, Singh S, et al. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa and North America: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2006;296(6):679-90.

Moatti JP, Carrieri MP, Spire B, Gastaut JA, Cassuto JP, Moreau J. Adherence to HAART in French HIV-infected injecting drug users: the contribution of buprenorphine drug maintenance treatment. The Manif 2000 study group. AIDS. 2000;14(2):151-5.

Heckman BD, Catz SL, Heckman TG, Miller JG, Kalichman SC. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural persons living with HIV disease in the United States. AIDS Care. 2004;16(2):219-30.

Lal V, Kant S, Dewan R, Rai SK, Biswas A. A two-site hospital-based study on factors associated with nonadherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Indian J Public Health. 2010;54(4):179-83.

Saha R, Saha I, Sarkar AP, Das DK, Misra R, Bhattacharya K, et al. Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India. Singapore Med J. 2014;55(2):92-8.

Cauldbeck MB, O'Connor C, O'Connor MB, Saunders JA, Rao B, Mallesh VG, et al. Adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among HIV patients in Bangalore, India. AIDS Res Ther. 2009;6:7.

Mehta KG, Baxi R, Patel S, Parmar M. Drug adherence rate and loss to follow-up among people living with HIV/AIDS attending an ART Centre in a Tertiary Government Hospital in Western India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2016;5(2):266-9.

Rajesh R, Sudha V, Varma D, Sonika S. Association between Medication Adherence Outcomes and Adverse Drug Reactions to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Indian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients. J Young Pharm. 2012;4(4):250-60.

Vedhanayagam M, Rajagopalan R, Rajendran BB, Sengodan S, Sengodan S. Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV visiting IRT Perundurai Medical College Hospital Link ART Centre, Perundurai, Tamilnadu, India. Int J Adv Med. 2016; 3:982‑8.

Uria G, Midde M, Naik PK. Socio-demographic Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection In Patients Seeking Medical Advice in a Rural Hospital of India. J Public Health Res. 2012;1(1):79-82.

Joshi B, Chauhan S, Pasi A, Kulkarni R, Sunil N, Bachani D, et al. Level of suboptimal adherence to first line antiretroviral treatment & its determinants among HIV positive people in India. Indian J Med Res. 2014;140(1):84-95.

Bhuvana KB, Hema NG, Patil RT. Prevalence and risk factors for opportunistic infection in HIV patients who developed adverse drug reactions to ART in a tertiary‑ care teaching hospital. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2015;5:200‑6.

Park K. Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. 24th ed. Jabalpur: Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers; 2017: 361.

Gokarn A, Narkhede MG, Pardeshi GS, Doibale MK. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy. J Assoc Physicians India. 2012;60:16-20.

Gupta M, Das SC. Determinants contributing for poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy: A hospital record-based study in Balasore, Odisha. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019;8(5):1720-4.

Neupane S, Dhungana GP, Ghimire HC. Adherence to antiretroviral treatment and associated factors among people living with HIV and AIDS in CHITWAN, Nepal. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):720.

Downloads

Published

2021-12-27

How to Cite

Khede, M. K., Parija, P. P., Madhukar, M. R., & Bhinjwar, S. K. (2021). Determinants of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chhattisgarh, India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 9(1), 282–287. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20215011

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles