A cross-sectional study on determinants of immunization coverage in urban area Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu

Authors

  • D. P. Lakshmi Priya Department of Community Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
  • P. Kalyani Department of Community Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
  • B. Sindhu Bala Department of Community Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211751

Keywords:

Immunization, Children, Literacy, Birth order

Abstract

Background: Immunization is one of the cost effective measures preventing approximately 2 to 3 million deaths in young children every year. Inspite of the progress in vaccination coverage challenges still remain for underserved and inaccessible children. It is therefore essential to evaluate the immunization coverage at periodic intervals and improve coverage in vulnerable areas.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 children aged 12 to 42 months in urban Chidambaram from September to October 2018. We collected details regarding immunization from vaccination card or mother’s recall. A pretested semi-structured proforma was used to collect sociodemographic variables. Data were collected, compiled and tabulated using microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 version.

Results: Complete immunization coverage was 80.3% and 19.7% were partially immunized. Lack of awareness is the major reason for failure of full immunization (63.3%). Immunization coverage was higher when parents studied up to higher secondary or graduates (mother 91.3%, father 87.5%, p value 0.01), father do skilled jobs (91.9%, p value 0.02), among first birth ordered children (88.3%, p value 0.01), children born in healthcare facility and among mothers who received antenatal care during pregnancy (80.8% each, p value 0.04).

Conclusions: Lack of awareness, parents’ literacy and occupation, place of birth, antenatal services and number of children in the family are important determinants of immunisation coverage. Apart from strengthening of infrastructure for better delivery of mother and child health services other issues also need to be addressed for better immunization practices.

Author Biography

D. P. Lakshmi Priya, Department of Community Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India

Assistant professor

Department of community medicine

Rajah Muthiah Medical college

Chidambaram--608001

Tamilnadu, India

References

World Health Organization. Fact sheet: Immunization, 2019. Available at: https://www.who. int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/immuniz-ation. Accessed on 29 January 2021.

World Health Organization. The expanded programme on immunization. https://www.who.int/life-course/news/commentaries/vaccine-preventable-diseases/en/. Last accessed on 1 February, 2021.

Gurnani V, Haldar P, Aggarwal MK, Das MK, Chauhan A, Murray J, et al. Improving vaccination coverage in India: Lessons from intensified mission indradhanush, a cross-sectoral systems strengthening strategy. BMJ. 2018;363:4782.

State/UT-wise Percentage of Children (12-23 months age) fully immunized as of NFHS-4 | Open Government Data (OGD) Community. http://niti.gov.in/content/immunisation. Last accessed on 25 January 2021.

Duru C, Iwu A, Uwakwe K, Diwe K, Merenu I, Emerole C, et al. Assessment of immunization status, coverage and determinants among under 5-year-old children in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Open Acc Lib J. 2016;3(6):1-17.

Duraimurugan Murugesan, Ramasubramanian R. A study on immunization coverage of 12 - 23 months children in urban areas of Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017;4(11):4096-100.

Murhekar MV, Kamaraj P, Kanagasabai K, Elavarasu G, Rajasekar TD, Boopathi K, et al. Coverage of childhood vaccination among children aged 12-23 months, Tamil Nadu, 2015, India. Ind J Med Res. 2017;145(3):377-86.

Joy TM, George S, Paul N, Renjini BA, Rakesh PS, Sreedevi A. Assessment of vaccine coverage and associated factors among children in urban agglomerations of Kochi, Kerala, India. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2019;8(1):91-6.

Ahmad J, Khan ME, Hazra A. Increasing complete immunization in rural Uttar Pradesh. J Fam Welf. 2010;56:65-72.

Nath B, Singh JV, Awasthi S, Bhushan V, Kumar V, Singh SK. A study on determinants of immunization coverage among 12-23 months old children in urban slums of Lucknow district, India. Indian J Med Sci. 2007;61(11):598-606.

Prusty RK, Kumar A. Socioeconomic dynamics of gender disparity in childhood immunization in India, 1992–2006. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):104598.

Devasenapathy N, Ghosh Jerath S, Sharma S, Allen E, Shankar AH, Zodpey S. Determinants of childhood immunisation coverage in urban poor settlements of Delhi, India: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2016;6:013015.

Johri M, Subramanian SV, Sylvestre MP, Dudeja S, Chandra D, Kone GK et al. Association between maternal health literacy and child vaccination in India: a crosssectional study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015;69(9):849-57.

Kulkarni SV, Chavan MK. A study to assess the immunization coverage in an urban slum of Mumbai by lot quality technique. Int J Med Public Health. 2013;3(1):21-5.

Maina LC, Karanja S, Kombich J. Immunization coverage and its determinants among children aged 12-23 months in a peri-urban area of Kenya. Pan Afr Med J. 2013;14:3.

Downloads

Published

2021-04-27

How to Cite

Priya, D. P. L., Kalyani, P., & Bala, B. S. (2021). A cross-sectional study on determinants of immunization coverage in urban area Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 8(5), 2309–2313. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211751

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles