Challenges and ways for pain assessment of children in the primary health care

Authors

  • Hisham Fayiz Alkhuzaie Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
  • Yaqoub Yousef Alhabib College of Medicine, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Aysar Farhan Alanazi General Physician, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Mahmoud Ibrahim Ali Department of Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
  • Abdullah Ali Alqahtani General Physician, Ministry of Health, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • Sulafa Khaled Noorelahi College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Ibrahim Ghaleb Daiwali College of Medicine, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Fatimah Mohammed Alawadh Department of Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
  • Mohammed Emad Kashmiri College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Salman Mesfer Alyaseen College of Medicine, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Mohsen Mohammed Alyaseen College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Ali Abdulmajid Alsulaiman College of Medicine, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Hamed Mohammed AlQarni Department of Emergency Medicine, Khamis Mushait General Hospital, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210016

Keywords:

Pain, Scale, Challenge, Pediatric, Children

Abstract

Pain assessment and management have shown great advances in recent decades regarding the treatment protocols and the various assessment approaches that have been developed and validated to specific for pediatric patients. In this literature review, we aim to shed more light on the assessment of pain in pediatric patients and the challenges that healthcare workers might face during the process in primary healthcare centers. In neonates, the crying, require O2 to reach a saturations more than 95%, increasing vitals, expressionless, and sleepless score shows the greatest advantage over other scores (COMFORT and distress for mechanically ventilated neonates), while in infants the face, leg, activity, cancelability, and cry scale shows promising results. In older children, self-reporting by the visual analogue scale should be standardized whenever possible or facial, and behavioral assessment should be used. Assessment of pain in patients with cognitive and intellectual disabilities might be challenging, and therefore, it should be interpreted carefully not to be misdiagnosed, in addition to trying to obtain relevant information from a well-trained accompanying caregiver. Further investigations are needed, however, to standardize these scores and to spread awareness among clinicians and caregivers about the importance of appropriate pain assessment.

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Published

2021-01-27

How to Cite

Alkhuzaie, H. F., Alhabib, Y. Y., Alanazi, A. F., Ali, M. I., Alqahtani, A. A., Noorelahi, S. K., Daiwali, I. G., Alawadh, F. M., Kashmiri, M. E., Alyaseen, S. M., Alyaseen, M. M., Alsulaiman, A. A., & AlQarni, H. M. (2021). Challenges and ways for pain assessment of children in the primary health care. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 8(2), 895–899. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210016

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Section

Review Articles