Evaluation of impact of computer usage on various tear parameters in normal healthy tertiary hospital based population in Uttarakhand, India

Authors

  • Anuradha Raj Department of Ophthalmology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  • Renu Dhasmana Department of Ophthalmology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  • Harsh Bahadur Department of Ophthalmology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20163923

Keywords:

Computer vision syndrome, Tear meniscus, Tear film break up time

Abstract

Background: Computers have become an integral part of routine day to day life. Increased usage of computers lead to dry eye due to reductions in the blink rate and its amplitude. The purpose of the study was to analyse changes in the lower tear meniscus by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to correlate them with other subjective tear parameters.

Methods: In this study 203 normal healthy subjects of age below 40 years with refractive errors were enrolled in this  random prospective cross-sectional study. The subjects with computer usage for three hours or more in a day were considered as computer users and rest as nonusers. All subjects underwent routine ophthalmological examination along with dry eye work up. Fourier domain -OCT system (RT-Vue software version 4.7; Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA) was used to measure lower tear meniscus height (TMH) and tear meniscus area (TMA) in all subjects.

Results: Males and females were 116 (57.14%) and 87 (42.85%) respectively with mean age of 34.38 years. Out of 203, 84(41.37% ) were computer users and 119 (58.62% ) were computer non-users. The mean ±SD of Schirmer’s in computer users and non-users were 21.64±5.68mm and 20.03±4.97mm respectively and the difference was  non-signicant (p=0.07). The mean±SD value of tear film break up time (TBUT), slit lamp based TMH and OCT based TMH in computer users were 10.87±1.59 sec, 582.14±176.41mm and 236.49±91.00µm which were having statistically significant differences (p=0.005, 0.001 and 0.024) respectively as compared to computer non-users.

Conclusions: TBUT, OCT based TMH and TMA are significantly influenced by computer usage in normal healthy individuals.

References

Portello JK, Rosenfield M, Chu CA. Blink rate, incomplete blinks and computer vision syndrome. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90:482-7.

Blehm C, Vishnu S, Khattak A, Mitra S, Yee RW. Computer vision syndrome: A review. Surv Ophthalmol. 2005;50:253-62.

Miljanović B, Dana R, Sullivan DA, Schaumberg DA. Impact of dry eye syndrome on vision-related quality of life. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;143:409-15.

Cardona G, García C, Serés C, Vilaseca M, Gispets J. Blink rate, blink amplitude, and tear film integrity during dynamic visual display terminal tasks. Curr Eye Res. 2011;36:190-7.

Apostol S, Filip M, Dragne C, Filip A. Dry eye syndrome. Etiological and therapeutic aspects. Oftalmologia. 2003;59:28-31.

Harrison WW, Begley CG, Liu H, Chen M, Garcia M, Smith JA. Menisci and fullness of the blink in dry eye. Optometry & Vision Science. 2008;85(8):706-14.

Shen M, Wang J, Tao A, Chen Q, Lin S, Qu J, et al. Diurnal variation of upper and lower tear menisci. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;145:801-6.

Le Q, Jiang C, Jiang AC, Xu J. The analysis of tear meniscus in soft contact lens wearers by spectral optical coherence tomography. Cornea. 2009;28(8):851-5.

Yazici A, Sari ES, Sahin G, Kilic A, Cakmak H, Ayar O, et al. Change in tear film characteristics in visual display terminal users. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2015;25(2):85-9.

Bhargava R, Kumar P, Kaur A, Kumar M, Mishra A. The Diagnostic Value and Accuracy of Conjunctival Impression Cytology, Dry Eye Symptomatology, and Routine Tear Function Tests in Computer Users J Lab Physicians. 2014;6(2): 102-8.

Bagheban AA, Kangari H, Hosseini S, Rahmani S. Lower tear meniscus in computer reading task with and without soft contact lens. J Paramedical Sci. 2014;5(3). ISSN 2008-4978

Shantakumari N, Eldeeb R, Sreedharan J, Gopal K. Computer use and vision-related problems among university students in Ajman, United Arab emirate. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2014;4:258-63.

Unlü C, Güney E, Akçay Bİ, Akçalı G, Erdoğan G, Bayramlar H. Comparison of ocular-surface disease index questionnaire, tear film break-up time, and Schirmer tests for the evaluation of the tear film in computer users with and without dry-eye symptomatology. Clin Ophthalmol. 2012;6:1303-6.

Biswas NR, Nainiwal SK, Das GK, Langan U, Dadeya SC, Mongre PK, et al. Comparative randomized controlled clinical trial of a herbal eye drop with artificial tear and placebo in computer vision syndrome. J Indian Med Assoc. 2003;101:208-9,212.

Palakuru JR, Wang J, Aquavella JV. Effect of blinking on tear volume after instillation of midviscosity artificial tears. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146:920-4.

Golding TR, Bruce AS, Mainestone JC. Relationship between tear-meniscus parameters and tear-film breakup. Cornea. 1997;16:649-61.

Lamberts DW, Foster CS, Perry HD. Schirmer test after topical anesthesia and the tear meniscus height in normal eyes. Arch Ophthalmol. 1979;97:1082-5.

Doughty MJ, Laiquzzaman M, Button NF. Video-assessment of tear meniscus height in elderly Caucasians and its relationship to the exposed ocular surface. Curr Eye Res. 2001;22(6):420-6.

Burkat CN, Lucarelli MJ. Tear meniscus level as an indicator of nasolacrimal obstruction. Ophthalmology. 2005;112:344-8.

Shen M, Li J, Wang J, et al. Upper and lower tear menisci in the diagnosis of dry eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50:2722-6.

Downloads

Published

2016-12-22

How to Cite

Raj, A., Dhasmana, R., & Bahadur, H. (2016). Evaluation of impact of computer usage on various tear parameters in normal healthy tertiary hospital based population in Uttarakhand, India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 3(11), 3130–3134. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20163923

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles