Environment and its protection from tobacco: a step towards tobacco end game, a perspective from India

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20222925

Keywords:

Tobacco farm, Tobacco farming, Forest, Health, India

Abstract

The planet is facing numerous environmental concerns. Healthy soil, an appropriate quantity of clean and fresh water, and clean air are just a few of the basic essentials that allow humanity to survive, but are being stressed by rising populations and human demand for the earth's valuable resources. Tobacco-related processes are harmful to the environment, from cultivation to manufacture, distribution, product usage, and post-consumer trash. The tobacco industry's adverse influence on deforestation, climate change, and waste production is huge and expanding, and until now, these components of the tobacco control picture have received very little attention from researchers and policymakers. According to article 18 of the World Health Organization's (WHO) "framework convention on tobacco control (FCTC)," ratifying parties are required to give due consideration to environmental protection and the general well-being of people in relation to tobacco farming and production within their respective territories. Instead of focusing on controlling the tobacco epidemic, national and international discussions have centered on this idea to end it, which has sparked relatively longer-term strategy. Globally many countries including New Zealand, Scotland, United Kingdom, Ireland, United States of America, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland as well as India (third largest tobacco producer nation in the world) have already adopted various initiatives to adhere with end game strategy. This paper investigates the environmental impact of tobacco and its various other detrimental effects on health of living beings', as well as the "tobacco end game" approach to not only control the epidemic but also create a "tobacco-free world".

 

References

World Health Organization (WHO). Tobacco and its environmental impact: an overview. 2017. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/ 255574/9789241512497-eng.pdf;jsessionid=0A0E7 3BD259494E2899A2FFD46679A21?sequence=1. Accessed 05 August 2022.

World Health Organization. Tobacco. 2022. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco. Accessed 05 August 2022.

Reitsma MB, Kendrick PJ, Ababneh E, Abbafati C, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdoli A, et al. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2021;397(10292):2337-60.

Prasad V. Case study of tobacco cultivation and alternate crops in India. Minist Heal Fam Welf. 2007;15.

India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF). Tobacco Manufacturers and Exporters in India - IBEF. 2022. Available at: https://www.ibef.org/exports/tobacco-industry-india. Accessed on 10 August 2022.

Otañez M GAS. Social Responsibility in Tobacco Production? Tobacco Companies Use of Green Supply Chains to Obscure the Real. 2011;20(6):403-11.

Pankaj Chaturvedi. How the Use of Tobacco Affects the Environment. The Wire. 2017. Available at: https://thewire.in/environment/how-the-use-of-tobacco-affects-the-environment. Accessed on 11 August 2022.

Novotny TE, Bialous SA, Burt L, Curtis C, da Costa VL, Iqtidar SU, et al. Impacts environnementaux et sanitaires de la culture du tabac, de la fabrication de cigarettes et de leur consummation. Bull World Health Organ. 2015;93(12):877-80.

Geist HJ. Global assessment of deforestation related to tobacco farming. Tob Control. 1999;8(1):18-28.

Pachamama Alliance. Effects of Deforestation. Available at: https://pachamama.org/effects-of-deforestation Accessed on 13 August 2022.

Lecours N, Almeida GEG, Abdallah JM, Novotny TE. Environmental health impacts of tobacco farming: A review of the literature. Tob Control. 2012;21(2):191-6.

Truth Initiative. A toxic, plastic problem: E-cigarette waste and the environment. 2021. Available at: https://truthinitiative.org/research-resources/harmful -effects-tobacco/toxic-plastic-problem-e-cigarette-waste-and-environment. Accessed on 13 August 2022.

Prüss-Üstün A, Wolf J, Corvalán CF, Bos R, Neira MP. Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks. World Health Organization; 2016;147.

Kaufman JD, Adar SD, Barr RG, Budoff M, Burke GL, Curl CL, et al. Association between air pollution and coronary artery calcification within six metropolitan areas in the USA (the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution): a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet. 2016;388(10045):696-704.

Alavanja M, Baron JA, Brownson RC, Buffler PA, DeMarini DM, Djordjevic M V., et al. Tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks to Humans. 2004;83:1-1413.

Schick S, Glantz SA. Sidestream cigarette smoke toxicity increases with aging and exposure duration. Tob Control. 2006;15(6):424-9.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Recommended Practices for Safety and Health Programs. 2015;(6742):1-5.

Bjerregaard P, Olesen I, Larsen CVL. Association of food insecurity with dietary patterns and expenditure on food, alcohol and tobacco amongst indigenous Inuit in Greenland: results from a population health survey. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1).

World Health Organistion. Tobacco. 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/ detail/tobacco. Accessed on 15 August 2022.

MPOWER. World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/en/. Accessed on 15 August 2022.

Goel S, Kaur J, Arora M, Bhatt G, Singh RJ, Jones A, et al. Tobacco endgame in India. Int J Noncommunicable Dis. 2022;7(2):55.

Smith EA. Questions for a tobacco-free future. Tob Control. 2013;22(1):i1-2.

Downloads

Published

2022-10-29

How to Cite

Pahari, S. (2022). Environment and its protection from tobacco: a step towards tobacco end game, a perspective from India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 9(11), 4273–4278. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20222925

Issue

Section

Review Articles