Risk factors for dietary deficiency and their probable role in elderly morbidities: a cross sectional study among elderly residing in rural field practice areas of S.N. Medical College, Bagalkot, North Karnataka

Authors

  • Sachin Desai Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka
  • Sidharth Agarwal Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka
  • B. S. Mannapur Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka
  • A. S. Dorle Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182188

Keywords:

Risk factors, Elderly, Dietary defeciencies, Rural area

Abstract

Background:Nutrition is an important element of health, among the elderly. They are prone for dietary deficiencies and thus suffer from a plethora of nutritional deficiency disorders due to various factors, prevalent from region to region. Estimating the risk factors for nutritional deficiencies, dietary patterns and their role in elderly morbidities is of utmost importance.

Methods:140 Elderly, with the help from their caregivers, were screened for nutritional deficiencies by a detailed general physical examination and for signs of nutritional deficiencies namely: water soluble B-complex vitamins. Elderly were examined for the anthropometric measurements like height, weight, BMI, mid arm circumference, calf circumference and nutritional deficiency disorders. Elderly malnutrition was assessed using mini nutritional assessment (MNA)scale score, body mass index (BMI)and weight loss >10% of body weight.

Results:Of the total elderly, 45 (32.1%) of elderly are underweight and 42 (30.0%) of elderly were obese. 63 (45%) each, had a waist hip ratio value of >0.95 in men and >0.85 in women. 69 (49.3%) of the elderly were having a Mid-arm circumference of <24 centimeters. 1 (43.6 %) elderly, was having 12-14 points (normal nutritional status) 76 (54.3 %) had a score of 8-11 points i.e. at risk of Malnutrition 03 (2.1%) had a score between 0-7 patients were malnourished.

Conclusions: Dietary patterns of the elderly decreases with age and is affected by multiple determinants like psychosocial stress, dementia, delirium, poor economic status, poor dentition, chronic debilitating illnesses, smoking and alcohol, which play a vital role in elderly malnutrition.

Author Biographies

Sachin Desai, Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka

Assistant professor,

Department of community medicine,

S.nijalingappa medical college ,navanagar,bagalkot

karnataka india

Sidharth Agarwal, Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka

intern
depatment of community medicine
S.Nijalingappa medical college Bagalkot
KARNATAKA 587103

B. S. Mannapur, Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka

Professor
Department of Community Medicine
S.Nijalingappa medical college Bagalkot
KARNATAKA 587103

A. S. Dorle, Department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka

Professor and Head
Department of Community Medicine
S.Nijalingappa medical college Bagalkot
KARNATAKA 587103

References

Demographic transition. 2011; Available at: http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Presentation/Demographic-Transition-in-India.pdf. Accessed 23 January 2018.

Census of India, Population composition. 2011; Available at: www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_ statistics/srs_report.pdf. Accessed on 23 January 2018.

Nutritional support strategy for protein energy malnutrition in the elderly, Malnutrition risk factors, 2007. Available at: https://www.hassante. fr/portail/upload/docs/application/pdf/malnutrition_elderly_guidelines.pdf. Accessed on 23 January 2018.

Definition of an older or elderly person. . March 2011. Available at: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/ survey/ageing- defnolder/en/. Accessed 23 January 2018.

Caregiver Toolkit, An Online Toolkit to Facilitate Support for Caregivers for Seniors. February 1997. Available at: http://caregivertoolkit.ca/?page_id= 198#.VgzFK-yq qko. Accessed 23 January 2018.

Sharma R. Online interactive calculator for real-time update of the Prasad’s social classification. 2018. Available at: http://www.prasadscaleupdate. weebly.com. Accessed 23 January 2018.

Nutrient requirements and recommended dietary allowances for Indians. RDA 2010 Final draft. A Report of the Expert Group of the Indian Council of Medical Research 2009.Pdf. Accessed 23 January 2018.

Mini Nutritional Assessment. Available at: http://www.mna-elderly.org/forms/mini/mna_mini_ english.pdf. Accessed 23 January 2018.

Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. The Lancet. 2004;363(9403):157–63.

Mathew AC, Das D, Sampath S, Vijayakumar M, Ramakrishnan N, Ravishankar SL. Prevalence and correlates of malnutrition among elderly in an urban area in Coimbatore. Indian J Public Health. 2016;60(2):112.

Yadav N, Ravindra R, Sharma S, Singh A, Mishra M. Dietary habits and nutritional status of elderly living in urban areas of Allahabad district. Indian J Prev Soc Med. 2012;43(1):80-6.

Lahiri S, Biswas A, Santra S, Lahiri SK. Assessment of nutritional status among elderly population in rural area of West Bengal, India. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2014;4(4): 569-72.

Agarwalla R, Saikia AM, Baruah R. Assessment of the Nutritional Status of the Elderly and Its Correlates. J Fam Comm Med. 2015;22(1):39–43.

Shivraj M, Singh VB, Meena BL, Kusum S, Neelam M, Dayal S, et al. Study of Nutritional Status in Elderly in Indian Population. Int J Current Res. 2014;6(11):10253-7.

Vedantam A, Subramanian V, Rao NV, John KR. Malnutrition in free-living elderly in rural south India: prevalence and risk factors. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(9):1328-32.

Baweja S, Agarwal H, Mathur A, Haldiya KR, Mathur A. Assessment of Nutritional Status and Related Risk Factors in Community Dwelling Elderly Rajasthan. J Ind Acad Geriatr. 2008;4:5-13.

Downloads

Published

2018-05-22

How to Cite

Desai, S., Agarwal, S., Mannapur, B. S., & Dorle, A. S. (2018). Risk factors for dietary deficiency and their probable role in elderly morbidities: a cross sectional study among elderly residing in rural field practice areas of S.N. Medical College, Bagalkot, North Karnataka. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 5(6), 2517–2521. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182188

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles